Yırtıklı Retina Dekolmanına Eşlik Eden Makula Deliği Olan İki Olguda Cerrahi

1. 1Yeditepe Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, Göz Hastaliklari Anabilim Dali, Istanbul, Turkey

Sorumlu Yazar: Case 1 A 46-year-old woman complaining of decreased vision for 5 days in the right eye (OD) was seen in the outpatient clinic. Visual acuity was hand motions, and fundus examination revealed macula-off RD due to horse-shoe tear at 8 o’clock position, and a MH (Figure 1). Optical coherence tomography (Stratus 3 OCT, Zeiss Humphrey Instruments, Dublin, CA, USA) revealed a FTMH (Figure 2). Three-port pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckling surgery was performed, and 14% C3F8 gas injection was done as internal tamponade. No internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling was performed. Face-down posture was maintained for one week. At two- week follow-up examination, the MH was found to be closed (Figure 3) with an attached retina. At one month visit, visual acuity was 20/200. Case 2 A 64-year-old man presented with blurry vision in the left eye (OS) for a week. Visual acuity was hand motions. In fundus examination, a macula-off RD due to a tear in the superotemporal quadrant and a MH were observed. Patient underwent PPV with scleral buckling. Silicone oil was used as tamponade due to inability to maintain face-down posture. No ILM peeling was done. In the first postoperative day, MH was found to be closed with an attached retina under the silicone oil (Figure 4). OCT confirmed the hole closure under the silicone oil (Figure 5). Cataract extraction and silicone oil removal were performed at 4 months with a resulting visual acuity of 20/50. Discussion A coexistent MH is seen in approximately 1%-4% of cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.7 The MH either may form when posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) occurs or may be due to the dehiscence of chronic cystoid macular edema in a long-standing RRD.3,5 This situation should be differentiated from RD caused by MH, which occurs in high myopes and progresses from the macular area to the periphery. None of our patients had high myopia. PVD was observed in both cases. Current treatment of macular holes involves PPV, intraocular gas tamponade and face-down posturing. In recent years, the use of ILM peeling has improved closure rates.8 A recent study in patients with rhegmatogenous RD with coexistent MH reported that vitrectomy with ILM peeling was more effective than vitrectomy without ILM peeling for repair of MH associated with RD.7 On the other hand, as Ryan et al7 pointed out in their report, ILM peeling may be challenging over detached retina. Staining is an option to visualize this barely visible membrane, however, it may be hazardous due to ready access of the dye to the subretinal space through the MH. Kine et al.4 reported macular hole closure in most of their cases (i.e., RRD with associated noncausal MH) without ILM peeling.Shukla et al5 reported that they were unable to prove any definitive superiority of vitrectomy with ILM peeling over vitrectomy alone in terms of closure rates in their four cases with RRD associated with MH. Hence, we planned not to perform ILM peeling in our cases at the first place. If MH would remain open with an attached retina postoperatively, we would proceed with repeat vitrectomy with ILM peeling as Kine et al performed.4 We did subretinal fluid drainage through the peripheral breaks and not through the MH, because it would stretch and possibly enlarge the hole. Preoperative OCT was not available for case 2, but a very brief Schlieren phenomenon observed during surgery confirmed the full-thickness nature of the macular hole. In conclusion, macular hole closure was achieved by PPV surgery without ILM peeling in our cases. MH may even be found to be closed the next day after the PPV surgery, as in our second case with silicone oil injection. MH closure resulted in improved visual outcome in our patients. Address for Correspondence/Yazisma Adresi: Sinan Tatlipinar MD, Yeditepe Üniversitesi Tip Fakültesi, Göz Hastaliklari Anabilim Dali, Istanbul, Turkey Phone: +90 212 211 40 00 E-mail: statlipinar@yeditepe.edu.tr Received/Gelis Tarihi: 24.10.2012 Accepted/Kabul Tarihi: 23.11.2012